A continuación te explicamos cómo crear tu propio presupuesto

April 14, 2023

Elaborar un presupuesto y ajustarse a él puede ayudarte a mantener el rumbo para alcanzar tus metas financieras a corto y largo plazo. Pero si no lo has hecho antes puede parecer un poco abrumador. La buena noticia es que no es difícil empezar. Y puedes (y deberías) realizar ajustes durante el proceso.

 

Establecer un presupuesto mensual es una práctica financiera básica que puede ayudarte a cumplir tus compromisos mensuales así como ponerte en buena forma para ahorrar dinero. Puedes empezar con tan solo unos pocos y fáciles pasos.

 

1. Identifica tus ingresos y gastos

Comienza por enumerar tus ingresos mensuales netos (asegúrate de incluir todas las fuentes de ingresos) y tus gastos mensuales conocidos. Tus gastos deberían incluir:

  • Los pagos que realices mensualmente como alquiler o hipoteca, servicios públicos y el pago de tu automóvil.
  • El costo mensual promedio de los gastos que pagas trimestral, semianual o anualmente, como el seguro del automóvil, los impuestos sobre la propiedad inmobiliaria y algunos servicios públicos.
  • El costo promedio de las compras que realizas cada mes de cosas como espectáculos, comidas en restaurantes, tintorería, comestibles, estacionamiento y regalos.
  • No olvides las cosas “pequeñas” que al sumarse pueden representar un gran costo, como la compra diaria de café con leche o del almuerzo.
  • Calcula un monto mensual a reservar para gastos imprevistos como la reparación de tu automóvil o una visita de emergencia al veterinario para tu perro.
  • Por último, pero no menos importante, agrega un monto para ahorros a corto y largo plazo. Ahorrar es más fácil cuando forma parte de tu presupuesto mensual.

 

2. Suma todo

Suma tus ingresos y gastos. Obtendrás uno de tres resultados posibles:

  • Tus ingresos exceden tus gastos. ¡Qué bien! Ahora puedes considerar utilizar parte de ese efectivo “extra” para saldar la deuda de la tarjeta de crédito o para agregar dinero para tus metas de ahorro a corto y largo plazo.
  • Tus ingresos y tus gastos son iguales. Esto es bueno. Pero solo como protección contra lo inesperado o para alcanzar otras metas financieras, considera recortar algunos de los “pequeños” gastos. Puede ser tan sencillo como preparar tu propio almuerzo en vez de comer afuera o tomar el autobús en vez de conducir. Hacer esto puede proporcionarte un buen colchón cuando lo necesites.
  • Tus gastos exceden tus ingresos. Esta es una situación que te conviene considerar cuidadosamente y tomar medidas para corregirla. A continuación encontrarás consejos para reducir costos.

 

3. Realiza ajustes

Revisa tu presupuesto e identifica cosas que puedas eliminar o reducir de tus gastos. Es probable que muchas opciones procedan de tu lista de “pequeñas” cosas. Si no ves mucho ahí, trata de anotar todo lo que compres a lo largo de una semana o dos. Un mes es incluso mejor. Puede que te sorprenda lo fácil que es comprar “pequeñas” cosas que realmente suman. Por ejemplo, un café con leche de $5 cada día hábil ¡puede sumar hasta $100 por mes y $1,200 por año!

Hay muchas maneras de reducir gastos. Estas son algunas ideas:

  • Compra tus comestibles con inteligencia.  Utiliza cupones, ofertas digitales y mantén hábitos de compra inteligentes para ahorrar mucho dinero.  
  • Actualiza las suscripciones. ¿Tienes un servicio de streaming o una membresía en un gimnasio que ya no utilizas? Cancélalos. 
  • Reduce tu consumo de energía. Cambia a luces LED, baja la temperatura de tu calentador de agua un grado o dos, e invierte en un termostato programable.
     

Una vez que hayas definido tu presupuesto y realizado ajustes, es buena idea revisarlo periódicamente, tal vez mensualmente, para que puedas hacer más actualizaciones a medida que cambie tu situación financiera.

 

¿Estás inspirado para ahorrar? Estas son nueve estrategias simples para ahorrar en gastos diarios. O si estás listo(a) para hacer buen uso de tu dinero extra, comienza con una cuenta de ahorros.

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